Physical violence (domestic violence, random assault) in Australia is a recognised social and public health problem that has reached epidemic proportions. There has been increasing awareness of assault victims suffering from traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite the high rates of assault, there are few scientific studies investigating the inter-relationship between violence and TBI. This research program utilizes an integrative neuroscience research program to improve the understanding, prevention, and recovery of mental health deficits in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by assault. This information will guide the development of novel personalized care and prediction models and by doing so it will inform policy and practice to enhance the mental health outcomes of people living with TBI.